Very often rashes, irritation or rashes, scaly spots appear on the skin of children. It is not only doctors who are obliged to recognize their nature and determine the causes that provoke such problems, but also the parents themselves.
Child's skin is an indicator that can display more than 100 diseases of various etiologies in the form of flaky spots, irritation, itchy rash. The first thing that parents are obliged to do upon discovering such problems in their child is to consult a pediatrician or dermatologist. But this can not always be done in the shortest possible time, so it is necessary to have basic knowledge of what can cause the appearance of a rash, spots on the skin in children, how to reduce unpleasant pronounced symptoms in the form of itching, redness and discomfort in the affected area of the body.
Causes of skin problems in a child
The skin of newborns, and often children under 5 years of age, reacts sharply to external and internal stimuli, infectious and inflammatory processes in the body. It can signal one or another problem with flaky or red spots, an itchy or weeping rash. For each of the manifestations, certain types and types of pathogens are characteristic:
Spots may appear due to increased pigmentation, the onset of the onset of birthmarks of a red or brown tint, it may be a Mongoloid body or hemangioma;
Rash appears with allergies, prickly heat, erythema, infectious diseases or acne;
· Diathesis in children develops food, respiratory, infectious, nervous, lymphatic, autoimmune.
Spots on baby's skin - how to classify them
Noticing a speck on the child's skin, you need to consult a doctor or try to classify it yourself. Pigment spots and birthmarks are characterized by uneven contours, sizes from the minimum, dotted to the volume of a 5-ruble coin. If several small age spots are found on the baby's body, and their number, size does not increase, the spot does not rise above the surface of the epidermis, then you should not panic, you can wait for a scheduled examination by a pediatrician, which will determine the nature of the spots.
Why a rash on the skin is dangerous for a child
The rash causes much more problems - it usually itches, often gets wet, and peeling of the skin in the area of its appearance may begin. In the event of a rash, malaise, or an increase in body temperature against its background, you should immediately seek medical help. The causative agents of skin rashes in children can seriously harm health, negatively affect general and even mental development, and contribute to the occurrence of chronic diseases. Dangerous for a child of any age is a pale and bright red rash that gets wet, itches a lot,
Diathesis and its cutaneous manifestations in children
Diathesis in children can be dry and weeping, but both forms are equally unpleasant. In infants, a diathesis rash is often mistaken for prickly heat. Unlike prickly heat, this rash does not disappear even with proper, regular and thorough care of your baby's skin. The disease can be recognized by the foci of the spread of the rash - it appears on the cheeks, buttocks, legs, and in other places of the body. Diathesis is dangerous in that it disrupts the functioning of the immune system, can cause the development of a secondary infection.
Diagnosis of skin problems in children
Diagnosis of skin diseases in both adults and children is carried out according to the same principle - the study of anamnesis (medical record), examination, possibly palpation of the affected area, analysis of symptoms and biological materials. The primary examination is carried out by a pediatrician, and on its basis it makes a decision on referral to a consultation with a dermatologist, infectious disease specialist or other highly specialized doctors. Sometimes a whole team of doctors is involved in the diagnosis:
Dermatologist, Allergist, Trichologist, Gastroenterologist, Endocrinologist, Psychiatrist, Oncologist, · Rheumatologist.
Diagnostics of the rash, diathesis, causes of the appearance of spots on the skin of a child is complicated by the fact that newborns cannot tell about their feelings, and children under the age of 5 years can clearly formulate their description. The task of parents is to provide the most accurate data about the problem - the duration and intensity of symptoms, the nature of the course, a list of previous diseases and vaccines used, the characteristics and frequency of nutrition, the effectiveness of the functioning of internal organs, a change in caring and hygiene products, the presence of skin or chronic diseases in close relatives.
How to treat skin conditions in children
It is absolutely impossible to treat diathesis or rash, to try to eliminate the causes of spots or prickly heat on the child's skin on your own. Only a medical specialist, based on the data received from the parents, the results of examination and laboratory research of biological materials, can prescribe treatment. Only a doctor can select medications for internal use and external agents. Self-medication can lead to irreversible consequences and serious problems not only with the skin, but also with internal organs, and negatively affect the growth and development of the baby.
Treatment of spots on the baby's skin can only be external, and in some cases it is not required at all if the parents are concerned about new birthmarks on the baby's body. To determine the reasons for their appearance on the skin, it may be necessary not only to palpate, but also to collect tests.
It is impossible to treat the rash on your own, before that you need to know what pathogen it is caused by. If there is no increase in temperature and itching, then therapy consists in the use of ointments, gels with a softening and soothing, drying effect.
Diathesis requires a more detailed examination and long-term treatment. In the initial stages, with mild symptoms, it may consist in correcting the nutrition of the baby and mother, if he is breastfed.
Treatment of complex skin diseases in children
Often, a rash on a child's skin is a signal of more serious diseases. These medical specialists include
Chickenpox,
Scarlet fever, Rubella, Diseases of the sebaceous and sweat glands, Neurodermatitis, Psoriasis, Furunculosis.
The complex of treatment of serious skin diseases includes, as a rule, three different types of treatment - medication, nutritional and psychological. Medicines are selected in accordance with the type of pathogen or cause, the age of the child and the characteristics of his body. Oral and external agents are prescribed to relieve symptoms. The duration and intensity of therapy is adjusted depending on the results. The child must be under the supervision of a medical specialist, outpatient treatment is allowed if the disease does not progress.
Correction of nutrition and classes with a psychologist are necessary in order to exclude factors provoking the disease, support the immune system and distract the baby from symptoms - itching, irritability against the background of the disease. Parents play a huge role in treatment - they are responsible for the accuracy of the implementation of all recommendations, the exclusion of scratching the skin in the presence of itching, control of body temperature and tracking the manifestations of the disease. This is the basis for the success of therapy.
