In recent years, children's doctors, psychologists and speech therapists have noted a constant increase in speech pathology in babies. Sometimes parents simply do not know how speech should normally develop in children at different ages. Or they think that these problems with pronunciation will go away on their own, and the child will speak well over time.
The general recommendations of children's specialists to parents in this matter are as follows: - if the child does not speak individual words a year, it does not matter; - if he is silent at two years old - you need to think and consult; - did not speak at three years old - sound the alarm, run to a neurologist, look for a speech therapist, speech therapist, be sure to check the child's hearing. The formation of sound pronunciation usually ends by the age of six. That is, the child must come to school with a developed speech, without defects in the pronunciation of sounds. The causes of speech problems can be biological or social in nature. Organic disorders occur as a result of damage to some parts of the brain. In such children, the cerebral cortex is not mature enough, there are deviations in the structure of the ventilation organs, vocal and respiratory systems. The reasons for such violations are trauma, intoxication, genetic diseases. Social causes of impaired pronunciation are expressed in pedagogical neglect, stressful environment, mental illness, in emotional deprivation that occurs when there is a lack of communication with the mother and loved ones. Hearing plays a leading role in mastering the correct sound pronunciation. The distinction of all sounds of native speech by ear is already available to a two-year-old child. By the age of 3-4, he already catches by ear the differences between his own incorrect pronunciation of a sound and the way adults pronounce it. This is what makes the baby pull up his pronunciation to the ideal. Therefore, it is very important for a child to hear competent, correct speech of others. It is this kind of speech that contributes to normal speech development. Parents need to try to create such conditions so that the child hears the correct speech more often than the defective one. Slurred speech can also be caused by weakness in the muscles of the tongue and lips. The child cannot perform precise, purposeful movements with them. In such cases, it is necessary to engage in speech gymnastics, develop fine motor skills. A short hypoglossal frenum or a high palate can also cause mispronunciation. All these problems need to be solved together with a speech therapist, defectologist, psychologist. The sooner the reason is revealed, the sooner a way out of this difficult situation will be found. The delay in the development of speech does not allow the child to fully communicate with peers, worsens the emotional and mental state. Experts will help determine the cause of speech underdevelopment, tell you what to look for in daily communication with your baby.
