During pregnancy, a woman's load on the kidneys increases, with an increase in which the latter may not be able to cope at any time. Therefore, an important element of medical supervision of a pregnant patient is regular urine tests. They allow the doctor to timely identify possible complications in the expectant mother, kidney pathology and other possible health problems.
Instructions
Step 1
The analysis of urine can be accurate and informative only if the woman is properly prepared for it.
A general urine test is routine and allows you to determine the physical properties of urine (volume, color, odor, density, reaction), as well as the level of protein, glucose, ketone bodies, erythrocytes, leukocytes and epithelial cells. In the absence of deviations, such an analysis is carried out once a month in the first trimester, twice in the second and once a week in the last.
Step 2
Collecting urine for general analysis is performed in the morning, not earlier than 4-6 hours after the previous urination and only after the toilet of the external genital organs. A second urine sample of about 70 ml is used. If hygiene is not observed, the level of erythrocytes and leukocytes in the urine rises, elements of inflammation of the urethra enter it. The collection container must be clean. It is issued either in the laboratory, or you sterilize it over steam within 5-10 minutes after washing it with a brush and laundry soap. It is better to use glass rather than plastic containers. Do not touch it with your body and shower before collecting urine. Direct the shower stream to the genitals, and in unidirectional movements, from front to back, wash them with warm running water. The following factors can affect the analysis: beets and vitamins, alcohol (excluded at least 24 hours in advance), drugs and diet. If one or more factors are present, it is necessary to inform your doctor about it.
Step 3
During pregnancy, different types of urinalysis may be required in order to identify various types of pathology. One of them is the analysis of urine according to Nechiporenko, in which an average portion of urine is collected in the amount of 25-50 ml. It is prescribed for diseases such as pyelonphritis and glomerulonephritis. Therefore, hygiene here must be very careful.
Step 4
Urine according to the Zimnitsky method is submitted to determine the functional ability of the kidneys. It meets every three hours throughout the day. For this, eight cans are used with an indication of the time for collecting urine. Morning urine is poured down the toilet at six in the morning. For a three-hour period, you should urinate in the same jar, regardless of the frequency of urination. If one container is not enough, an additional container should be used. If you have not gone to the toilet for 3 hours, the jar remains empty. Storage of containers is carried out in the refrigerator.
Step 5
An analysis for the determination of sugar in urine is done in case of suspicion of diabetes mellitus or other endocrine diseases. All daily urine is collected in a large, at least two liters, container from 9:00 to six in the morning of the next day. At the end of the collection, it is thoroughly mixed. 200 ml of urine is poured into a separate container, which will be analyzed.
Step 6
A fairly common analysis in pregnant women is the determination of urine output. It is prescribed when edema occurs, and allows the doctor to judge the amount of fluid retained in the body. Urine is collected for a day, from six to six in the morning. Then the amount of fluid released is calculated, which is compared with the amount drunk per day.
Step 7
Urine for sowing is collected in the same way as according to the Nechiporenko method: only an average portion is needed. Before collection, the external genitals are washed with boiled water without using antiseptic solutions. Getting them into the analysis can give false negative results. It is important to remember and follow all of the above rules when collecting urine samples. The slightest deviation from them can affect the correctness of the results. Hygiene must be strictly maintained. To collect urine, use only sterile glassware, in which urine should be stored in a cool, dark place, preferably in a refrigerator. Strict adherence to the recommendations given will help the doctor correctly assess the health of the expectant mother.
