Games and entertainment for children, taking into account age characteristics - it is important for every dad and mom to know them. What to play in the summer? We read below.
Neurologists and pediatricians speak aloud that it is necessary to walk with the baby for at least 5 hours a day. You can go outside in the morning and in the evening, you can put the little one to sleep in a cradle on the balcony (dressing him accordingly) and go for a walk once - the main thing is that your baby breathes fresh air and is tempered in order to be healthy and happy. Outside the window, the weather is beautiful - we arm ourselves with ideas and go!
0 - 3 months
The senses are actively developing: touch, sight, hearing. The toddler is not yet able to coordinate his movements and hold something in his hands. Therefore, now he will cognize the world around him through touches, sounds and colors. An interesting moment about the vision of a newborn: the baby's eyes clearly distinguish only bright, contrasting colors: black and white, red-blue-yellow, etc.; it is better to have 2-3 flowers (no more); pastel-colored toys are unlikely to be of interest to a new family member yet.
Recommended toys: rattles, pendant toys, mobiles spinning and playing pleasant (preferably classical) music, clamshell books, educational rugs with a horizontal bar and toys, a piano for legs, rattles on a bracelet, etc. It is better to show toys one at a time, make sure that they do not clutter up the space (do not overwork the baby).
What to play? Children appreciate acting skills: make faces with your baby and over time he will try to imitate you. At 2-3 months, you can buy a helium balloon, tie a colored ribbon to it and the baby's hand: the child will be happy to watch the balloon, as well as its movements when the baby moves. But!!! Do not leave your baby with such a toy tete-a-tete, your sensitive control and supervision are extremely necessary for the safety of the little one. In nature, you can invite the little one to watch the rustling branches of trees (instead of a mobile), show him leaves and flowers, let them touch them, do a massage or exercise outdoors, show how water drips from the roof after a rain … It is important for kids to touch as much as possible objects of various textures (we develop the sense of touch): fabrics from chiffon and satin to velvety velor and coarse matting; various beads, buttons, volumetric appliqués from other fabrics (the main thing is that all the elements are firmly fixed and the child cannot tear off and swallow the parts); listen to the singing of birds or the babbling of a brook together with the little one … And, most importantly, from the very birth do not forget to talk to your child as much as possible: comment on everything that you show him, what you are doing with him, and you should immediately call things by their proper names and pronounce the words correctly (the child himself will come up with abbreviations and symbols of this or that object and action when he is ready to start speaking, however, his passive vocabulary will be much richer and over time he will not have to retrain from “go bul-bul” to “go bathe ).
4-6 months
By the age of 4 months, babies usually know how to roll over on barrels, by 5 - on their stomach, and by 6 - from tummy to back on their own. Your task is to arouse and warm up the kid's interest in these movements: lure him with bright toys, cubes, books … The main thing is that when he gets to the "bait", the kid can take it from you and play with it (safely). During this period, your child is an active researcher and tester of everything that gets in his way: try it on the tooth, touch it, drop it and see what will happen … He begins to find the source of the sound, makes the first manipulations of toys. Your task: to monitor the safety of the baby (so that he does not bite off and swallow, which is not worth it, remove all small objects, plastic bags, etc.)
Recommended toys: teethers, rattles, rustling and squeaking animal toys, educational rugs and soft books with textured fabrics, Velcro toys and much more.
What to play? Both at home and on the street, you can offer the little one a game of "grab it!": Tie a rattle, a small toy or an interesting roller made of fabric to a ribbon, then offer the kid to catch this toy (playing like with a kitten) from different positions (lying on your back, lying on your stomach, sitting on your arms, etc.), the main condition is that the "prey" is always given to the child to play (let him examine it, touch it, lick it, bite … this is an important aspect of learning about the world around us) and development). Take the kid on a tour with mom / dad in her arms: show everything around and tell what is in front of you (tree, car, house, sand and children; wardrobe, calendar, phone, etc.). If you go out into nature, spread a blanket for the little one and let him roll on it, show and let the grass blades feel, do exercises in the sun … Do not forget to comment on each of your actions and his actions, conduct a dialogue with your child (ask a question - wait for an answer in the form of "humming").
7-9 months
Most babies are already sitting, crawling and taking their first steps. My daughter basically refused to be like everyone else, she went and crawled at the same time, almost a year. The kids at this age really like to grab, beat and throw everything. Hide especially valuable, fragile and small items higher up urgently. The child actively develops fine and gross motor skills.
Recommended toys: balls, soft toys, abacus, toys with buttons, mobiles and pendants made of small figures (the kid will definitely like taking them off and hanging them back) and much more.
What to play? It's time to develop logical thinking: show your child what a "sorter" is and how various geometric shapes penetrate the holes, assemble a pyramid or a nesting doll (just do not try to "examine" the baby for now - just show and comment, over time he will remember and start doing it himself), continue to get acquainted with nature, watch other children on the street.
10-12 months
The main emphasis is on the development of the child's thinking. If earlier pyramids, nesting dolls and sorters did not make the proper impression, it's time to remember them and try to master it again. Offer your baby a wheelchair toy that will provoke him to move, and will also serve as an additional support during the first independent walks. Ring throws, huge pins with a ball, a basketball hoop and colorful balls - all sports "equipment" are useful for your little one. Also at this age, various musical instruments are becoming popular among toddlers: drums, pipes, piano, metallophone, tambourine, maracas, and so on.
1-3 years
The child actively trains the coordination of movements, the child learns new things very quickly and remembers well. It's time to buy coloring pages with reusable stickers (now the stores are full of offers), books with inserts, voluminous lacing, colored geometric shapes, cubes, the first constructors (for example, LEGO has a series from 1, 5 years old) and so on. Sort the cereals and beans both with legs (you can walk, jump) and with handles (transfer from jar to jar, scatter to the sides, sort, etc.). Teach your child to pour sand into a bucket with a spatula, make various figures out of sand using molds, build together a house of sand and twigs, leaves for his favorite toy … Make a sun out of a cardboard circle and clothespins. Start to paint with your finger paints and sculpt with plasticine or salted text.
Think back to various nursery rhymes
For example, a rhyme for playing with a car:
No, in vain we decided
Ride a cat in a car:
The cat is not used to rolling -
Overturned a truck. (A. Barto)
Poems about actions will be very useful during this period:
The bunny began to wash. It can be seen that he was going to visit him. Washed his mouth. Washed his nose. Washed his ear. That's dry.
Sturdy kids Came out on the site, Sturdy kids Do exercises! One two three four. Hands up! Legs are wider!
This finger is the thickest, strongest and largest! This finger is for showing it! This finger is the longest and it stands in the middle! This finger is nameless, he is the most spoiled! And the little finger, though small, is dexterous and daring!
Nursery nursery rhymes with movements:
- Okay, okay, (Clap our hands) - Where were you? - By Grandma. (Clap our hands) - What did you eat? - Koshka. (Clap our hands) - What did you drink? - Mint. (Clap our hands) We drank, ate, flew home, (We wave our hands, imitating birds) We sat on the head, sang the sweethearts! (We cover our heads with our hands)
White-sided magpie, cooked porridge, fed the kids. (We stir the porridge in our palms) I gave to this, I gave to this, I gave to this, I gave to this, (We go over our fingers) But I didn't give this: You didn't carry water, You didn't chop wood, You didn't cook porridge (Pointing to the thumb) You have nothing!
A clubfoot bear walks through the forest, (We show how the bear walks) He collects cones, sings songs. (We bend over for imaginary bumps) Suddenly a bump fell right on the bear's forehead (We knock ourselves on the forehead) The bear got angry, and his foot - top (Stamping our foot). "I will not walk in the woods anymore, (We wave our finger" no ") I would rather have a sweet sleep in a den!" (We fold our palms and put them under our heads, imitating a dream)
Ivan the Bolshak - to chop wood. Vaska-pointer - carry water. To the middle bear - to heat the stove. Grishka the orphan - to cook porridge. And little Timoshka - songs to sing, Songs to sing and dance, Siblings to amuse.
I knock with a hammer. (Knocking fists against each other) I want to build a house. (We fold our palms into the roof) I'm building a tall house. (We raise our hands with the roof up) I will live in that house. (Clap)
For the development of hearing, it is worth offering the child whistles and pipes. The rattle is unlikely to interest your child, but sharper and louder sounds will definitely be worthy of attention.
Your child is already big enough that you should gradually begin to introduce him to the rules. Play insert frames, dominoes, bingo … So that the child has the opportunity to learn to follow the sequence, follow the actions of others and concentrate.
For parents of boys and girls who love cars, a very cool T-shirt has recently appeared: a tired dad can sleep on the floor and at the same time play with the baby;)
While swimming in the bathtub or swimming in the lake, your child will be happy to play with the water: prepare various containers for transfusions, floating toys and toys that you can start (see the article "How to bathe your child in the bathroom: fun and usefully")
During the walk, invite your child, as well as the neighbour's children and their parents to play the fairy tale "Teremok" or "The Wolf and the Seven Goats". Improvise and role-play the fairy tale with your kids. In the beginning, you can teach the little one to add a sound in the right place in the narrative (Someone lives in the little house? Is that you a mouse-louse? - (in response, a baby) Pee-pee.. Is that a jumping frog? - (in response, a baby) Kva-kva-kva …) Closer to 2, 5-3 years old, the baby can be offered to gradually begin to tell and show scenes from fairy tales with you. Play "bloopers" with your child, dance to active music, sing songs, continue to observe nature and other children. Ask your child every time you go outside: what color is the sky today, what he sees new compared to the last time, etc. Draw with chalk on the asphalt, collect a "collection of summer-spring trophies", compare pebbles, look at beetles, watch ants, catch bubbles blown away by the wind … Remember what you yourself loved to play as a child, ask your parents about your favorite games and offer them to your child.
Enjoy the time spent with your baby as babies grow up so fast!
Warm walks !!!
