Dysplasia of the hip joints is a congenital disease that occurs due to the fact that the joint of the unborn baby is not formed correctly during pregnancy. This can be due to heredity, viral infection or gynecological diseases of the mother, breech presentation of the fetus and other factors. Dysplasia is one of the most common orthopedic problems in newborns.
Instructions
Step 1
Dysplastic syndrome can be manifested by increased mobility (hypermobility) of the baby's joints in combination with weak connective tissue around them. The clinical manifestation of dysplasia is three forms of disorders of the articular divisions: pre-dislocation of the hip, subluxation and dislocation of the femoral head. When diagnosing dysplasia in a child, it is extremely important not to waste time: the earlier you start treatment, the better the result. Therefore, try to solve the problems with the hip joints of the baby in the first year of life.
Step 2
The first examination of a newborn for dysplasia is carried out in the hospital. If a neonatologist notices signs of it, be sure to see an orthopedic doctor after discharge. If a pathology is detected, you will be referred for an ultrasound scan. This study will help determine the degree of dysplasia, depending on which the doctor will prescribe the appropriate treatment. It should be noted that with the help of ultrasound it is not always possible to assess the condition of the joint reliably, because it does not give a complete idea of the arrangement of its elements. Therefore, if you suspect dysplasia or its presence, do not refuse an X-ray examination prescribed by an orthopedist, which gives a more objective assessment of the condition of the joints. Treatment includes free swaddling (or no swaddling at all), plaster casts, and removable and non-removable abduction splints. The purpose of using the devices is to create the most favorable conditions for normal development of all elements of the hip joints (acetabulum and femoral head). In each case, the doctor individually determines the duration of wearing a splint (it ranges from several months to a year)
Step 3
Physiotherapy is widely used in the treatment of dysplasia (mud therapy, ozokerite, amplipulse, electrophoresis with calcium and phosphorus on the area of the hip joints). In addition, the child is prescribed physiotherapy exercises and special massage. Remember that these procedures should only be performed by specialists. Ultrasound examinations are usually performed to monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
Step 4
Be aware that if conservative treatment does not give effective results, your child will need surgery (sometimes several will be needed). The essence of the surgical intervention is to set the femoral head and restore the anatomical correspondence of the elements of the hip joint. The operation is followed by rehabilitation treatment using massage, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, as well as the use of the necessary physical activity.
