The appearance of the baby occurs more often by the end of the ninth month of pregnancy. If the expectant mother is healthy and the fetus is presented correctly, then childbirth occurs naturally through the birth canal. In cases where a woman in labor has serious illnesses, delivery takes place using a cesarean section.
Instructions
Step 1
By the end of the ninth month of intrauterine development in the fetus, all systems are ready to function outside the mother's body. At this time, blood flow through the placenta becomes difficult, the weight of the fetus is large enough and the baby's head sinks into the small pelvis.
Step 2
After 36 weeks of pregnancy, the body is actively preparing for childbirth. The expectant mother often has "training" contractions, in which the uterus spasms. By the end of the third trimester of pregnancy, some changes occur in the woman's body - the level of oxytocin rises, and aching pain in the lumbar region increases.
Step 3
Under the influence of special hormones, the cervix of a woman in labor softens, shortens and gradually opens. The opening of the cervical pharynx in primiparous occurs more slowly, since its tissue is very dense. This process begins 1-2 weeks before childbirth, it can be judged by the discharge of the cervical plug, which is presented in the form of an accumulation of thick mucus. In multiparous women, the cervix may be loosely compressed throughout pregnancy, its disclosure is permissible by 1-2 cm before the birth process, with this phenomenon, the pregnant woman does not observe the discharge of the cervical plug.
Step 4
The generic process begins with contractions - these are regular contractions of the uterus, which are caused by a spasm of the muscle fibers of this organ. Cramping movements of the uterus cause the fetus to move downward. Dilation of the cervix and contractions indicate activation of labor. The duration of the birth process in those women who become mothers for the first time is 10-12 hours, and in multiparous women, the time of labor is usually half less.
Step 5
Outpouring of amniotic fluid in women in labor occurs at different times and depends on the individual characteristics of the walls of the amniotic fluid. If a woman in labor has an infection of the birth canal, then the wall of the bladder becomes thinner, and the anterior waters are poured out at the first contractions. The amniotic fluid can become thin due to the metabolic characteristics of the pregnant woman and for other reasons. If the walls of the amniotic bladder are dense and do not rupture with the onset of labor, the doctor makes a neat incision through the opened cervix and the anterior amniotic fluid is poured out.
Step 6
With full dilation of the cervix, attempts begin, at this time the posterior amniotic fluid and the walls of the uterus press on the fetus and it moves along the birth canal. The obstetrician assesses the strength of pushing, their frequency and gives instructions to the woman in labor at what moment and how to push correctly. When pushing, a woman should not scream, she should take more air into her lungs and try to tensely strain her abdominal muscles.
Step 7
The birth of a child from the moment of attempts takes about 40 minutes, but more often 10-15 minutes. At this time, the fetus moves forward with its head along the birth canal, the obstetrician controls and helps the process of having a baby. In cases where the skin of the external genital organs of the woman in labor does not stretch to the size of the fetal head, an incision is made in the perineum to avoid rupture. With a weak labor activity, the pregnant woman is injected intravenously with oxytocin or other similar hormonal drugs.
Step 8
After the birth of the child, the placenta is rejected with the placenta, this moment is not painful for the postpartum woman. Then the doctor examines the birth canal and, if necessary, sutures the torn tissue. In the early postpartum period, a woman needs peace, at this time measures are taken to stop bleeding and prevent complications.
Step 9
In some cases, a caesarean section is recommended. Indications for artificial delivery are: abnormal presentation of the fetus, a narrow pelvis of a woman in labor, severe myopia, hypertension, blood diseases and a number of other pathologies.
