Already more than 2 thousand years ago, a connection was noted between fine motor skills and the development of the brain, and, therefore, human speech. Speech correction with the help of hand movements is especially successful in childhood.
Studying fine motor skills and its connection with speech
Research by physiologists T. N. Andrievskaya, G. V. Bezzubtseva, T. A. Tkachenko, M. M. Koltsova showed that systematic work to improve fine motor skills helps to correct the deficiencies and deviations of the child's psychophysical sphere. A pattern was found in children: if the development of fine motor skills lagged behind, then there was a delay in speech development.
The works of V. M. Bekhterov confirmed that speech areas are formed under the influence of impulses coming from the fingers: the more actively the child works with his fingers, the better his fine motor skills and the earlier speech develops. In addition, such a child is better at reasoning logically, he has more perfect memory and attention.
Exercises for fine motor skills from 2 months to 1 year
It is necessary to start the development of fine motor skills from a very early age. You need to conduct classes in a playful way, smiling at the baby, all movements should be gentle and smooth. Begin classes with a massage: pull the baby's fingers, stroke them, make circular movements with them. Then place balls made of various materials - wool, fur, latex, etc. into the child's handles. Let him hold the balls, manipulate them. With a child of 6-8 months, roll the ball between the palms, as well as folk games - "Ladushki", "Magpie-white-sided", "Horned goat", which additionally develop memory, should be added. Closer to the year, for the development of fine motor skills, you can use squeaky toys, pyramids and finger paints.
Exercises for fine motor skills from 1 to 3 years
After a year, give the child to play with bags with fillers of various textures - cereals, pebbles, polyethylene, etc. Toys that teach lacing, stringing, buttoning are excellent for developing fine motor skills. Useful for a child of this age and the exercise "Find a toy". For her, take a deep saucepan, fill it with peas, beans and barley, and hide a few small toys at the bottom. During the search for the hidden figurine, the child's hands will be well massaged with the rump.
Exercises for fine motor skills from 3 to 5 years
At this age, the child can do the massage himself - let him rub his fingers, bend and straighten them several times. Make finger puppets with your baby and rehearse the performance. Teach your child to sculpt from plasticine or salt dough, lay out mosaic patterns, play with a constructor, string beads. While cooking, ask your baby to help you sort out the cereals, knead the dough.
Exercises for fine motor skills from 5 to 7 years
For the development of fine motor skills, a child 5-7 years old can be entrusted with various household and garden chores. He can sweep the floor, wash and wipe dishes, wash small things, peel vegetables with a safe peeler, loosen the soil, plant and water plants.
Playing with clothespins develops your fingers well. For her, you need to cut out several templates from cardboard - a sun without rays, a hedgehog without needles. Encourage your child to use clothespins to complete the missing items.
Surely the child will also like "Fishing". Tie a rope with a magnet to a branch, and you will have a fishing rod. Make a fish from a tin can. Invite your child to "catch" all the fish and transfer them to the basket.
By using your imagination, you can come up with many other exercises and games. And after a while, you will surely notice that your child's speech has become clearer, and the vocabulary has grown significantly.
